arnold toynbee

Thân thiện

Arnold Toynbee wrote many books about the history of civilizations.

Definition

Proper noun: - Arnold Toynbee: An English historian renowned for his analysis of the development and decline of civilizations, seeking to identify recurring patterns in their history.

Usage

• Proper noun:
  • The theories of Arnold Toynbee have been influential in the study of world history.
  • In his lecture, the professor compared the views of Arnold Toynbee with those of other philosophers of history.

Advanced Usage

• "Toynbeean" (adj): Pertaining to or characteristic of the historical theories of Arnold Toynbee.
  • The scholar offered a Toynbeean interpretation of the empire's collapse.

Variants and Related Words

• Toynbee, Arnold Joseph Toynbee: Full name.
• A Study of History: The title of his multi-volume seminal work.

Synonyms

• Historian, historical philosopher.

Related Phrases and Concepts

• Challenge and response: A key concept in Toynbee's theory, where civilizations grow by successfully responding to challenges.
  • Toynbee argued that a civilization's fate hinged on its capacity for challenge and response.
• Withdrawal and return: A Toynbeean concept describing a period where a creative individual or group retreats from society before returning with transformative ideas.
  • The prophet's period of isolation was analyzed as a classic withdrawal and return.

Học thuật

Noun

1. English historian who studied the rise and fall of civilizations looking for cyclical patterns (1889-1975)

Từ đồng nghĩa

• Toynbee
• Arnold Toynbee
• Arnold Joseph Toynbee